In Australia, before a therapeutic product can be sold, it must undergo a thorough assessment by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the nation's regulatory authority for therapeutic goods. The TGA evaluates products based on their safety, quality, and efficacy. If deemed satisfactory, these products earn a spot on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG), granting them authorization for prescription and dispensing by healthcare professionals. Commonly referred to as approved medicines or first-line treatments, these products are the preferred options for patient care.

However, the TGA also oversees unapproved medicines, also known as unregistered or second-line treatments. These products have not undergone the formal evaluation and approval process mandated by the TGA. Despite this, the TGA establishes minimum standards and controls for the lawful supply of these products.

Unapproved medicines often include innovative therapies undergoing clinical trials that have yet to receive regulatory approval for widespread use. Vaping, considered a relatively new therapeutic approach, falls into this category of unapproved medicine. While unapproved medicines may offer potential benefits, their use necessitates careful consideration and adherence to the regulations and standards set by the TGA.

First Line Smoking Cessation Aids

Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRTs): NRTs are approved therapies and widely endorsed methods to quit smoking. These products deliver controlled doses of nicotine to alleviate withdrawal symptoms while gradually reducing dependence. Common NRTs include nicotine patches, gum, lozenges, inhalers, and nasal sprays. They are available over-the-counter at pharmacies and supermarkets.
Prescription Medications: Certain prescription medications, can aid smoking cessation by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms. These medications work by targeting nicotine receptors in the brain, helping to curb the urge to smoke. Consultation with a healthcare professional is necessary to obtain a prescription and monitor potential side effects.

Second Line Smoking Cessation Aids

Nicotine Vaping Products: Starting from October 1st, 2021, nicotine vaping products have been classified as second-line treatment for the 70% of Australian smokers who have attempted to quit using first-line therapies without success. Suppliers are required to meet minimum standards of product manufacturing and quality by adhering to TGO110 - Standard for Therapeutic Vaping Goods. Additionally, supplying these products under medical supervision ensures that they are not easily accessible to youth and non-users, as these products carry potential risks and are not considered risk-free.

Conclusion: Navigating Quitting Options

Understanding the distinction between first and second-line treatments for smoking cessation empowers individuals to make informed choices on their quit journey. While first-line therapies like NRTs and prescription medications remain preferred options for quitting smoking, the regulation of nicotine vaping products as second-line treatments provides additional support for those who have struggled to quit using conventional methods. By adhering to established regulations and seeking guidance from healthcare professionals, smokers can explore a range of quitting options tailored to their needs, ultimately paving the way towards a smoke-free future.